SIMPLE,COMPoUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES

                            1. The Simple Sentence

425. Examine the following sentence :- (*) An honest man is loved by all.

        (*) The sentence has only one Subject and one Predicate and is, therefore , 
              a Simple Sentence.

         (*) A Simple Sentence is one which has only one Subject and one Predicate.
                                                            [OR]
         (*) A Simple Sentence is one which has only one Finite Verb.



                               

                               2.The Compound Sentence

426).  Examine the following sentences :-

          1). The moon rose and everything looked bright.
          2). I got the book from the library and read it and enjoyed it.

          @) The sentence 1 is made up of two parts joined by the Co-ordinating Conjunction
                'and' :--

               (a) the moon rose + (b) Everything looked bright.

          (*) As each part has a Subject and a Predicate of its own and is part of a larger
               sentence, each is a Clause.

          (*) We further notice that each Clause can make a good sense by itself and can,
                therefore, stand alone as a complete sentence.In other words,each Clause is
                independent of the other, or of the same rank, and is called a Co-ordinate Clause.

          (*) A sentence which is made up of Co-ordinate Clauses is called a Compound 
               Sentence,

           

           @) The sentence 2 is made up of three Co-ordinate Clauses :--
                 
                (a) I got the book from the library + (b) [I] read it + (c) [I] enjoyed it.

            (*) Such a sentence is also called a Compound Sentence.

             (*) A Compound Sentence is one which consists of two or more Co-ordinate
                  Clauses.

NOTE:-- The sentence 1 which consists of two Co-ordinate Clauses is called a Double
                Sentence, while the sentence 2, which consists of more than two Co-ordinate
                Clauses is called a Multiple Sentence





                          3. The Complex Sentence

427. Examine the following sentences :--
        
        1). We returned when the sun set.
        2). As we tried to enter the inn,the innkeeper said that there was no room.

        (1) The first sentence consists of two parts -----

             (a) We returned + (b) When the sun set.

             *) As each part has a Subject and a Predicate of its own and is part of a larger
                 sentence, each is a Clause.

            *) We further notice that the Clause, we returned, makes good sense by itself,
                 and can stand alone. Such a Clause is called the Main or Principal Clause.

            *) But the Clause, when the sun set, cannot make a good sense by itself and 
                cannot, therefore, stand alone. It depends for its full meaning on the Clause,
                We returned. Such a Clause is called a Dependent or Subordinate Clause.


                   @) Such a sentence is called a Complex sentence.




           (2) The second sentence consists of three Clauses :---

                 (a) The innkeeper said. ( Main Clause ) 
                                               + 
                 (b) As we tried to enter the inn. ( Subordinate Clause )
                                               +
                  (c) That there was no room.   ( Subordinate Clause )

                  (*) So this sentence consists of one Main Clause and two Subordinate Clauses.
                        Such a sentence is called a Complex Sentence.

                   (*) A Complex Sentence is one which consists of one Main Clause and one or
                        more Subordinate Clauses ( dependent for their full meaning on the Main 
                                                                         Clause.)