378). Certain Verbs, when followed by certain Prepositions or Adverbs, acquire a new
significance;as,
*) He backed up (supported) my claims.
*) He backed out of (withdrew from) the contract.
379). Study carefully the list of Phrasal Verbs given below :-
(*) BEAR (*)
@) Bear down (overthrow or crush by force) : He was able to bear down all opposition.
@) Bear off or away : (win) He bore off (or away) the first prize.
@) Bear out (establish or confirm ) : If the evidence bears out the charge,the man will
be sent to prison.
@) Bear up (not to despair) : It is not easy to bear up when one is beset with difficulties
on all sides.
@) Bear with (tolerate) : We could not bear with her violent temper.
(*) BLOW (*)
@) Blow up (explode ) : There were only a few persons in the mine when it blew up.
@) Blow out ( extinguish ) : The wind has blown out the candle.
( *) BREAK (*)
@) Break down ( demolish ; collapse ; fall) :
*)The resistance of the garrison broke down(collapsed).
*) If you go on working like this, your health is sure to break down(fail).
@) Break out (to appear suddenly) :(*) Cholera has broken out in the city.
(*) War has broken out.
@) Break into (enter by force) : The thieves broke into the house.
@) Break up (dissolve) : (*) The meeting broke up in great confusion.
(*) When the sun rose the ice broke up(dispersed,disappeared).
@) Break with (cease to be friendly with) : He was my friend once,but now I have
broken with him altogether.
(*) BRING (*)
@) Bring about ( cause) : His dishonest ways have brought about his ruin.
@) Bring forth ( produce ) : A good tree brings forth good fruit.
@) Bring forward (produce ) : He has brought forward several arguments in support
of his case.
@) Bring in ( to yield as the result of sale ) : How much will the auction bring in? Not
more than Rs. 1,200, I suppose.
@) Bring out ( bring to light ) : (*) The inquiry is sure to bring out certain important facts.
(*) The publishers have recently brought out(published)
a cheap edition of this book.
@) Bring up ( educate or rear ) : She brought up the orphan as her own child.
(*) CALL (*)
@) Call for ( demand ) : His actions call for an explanation.
@) Call forth ( evoke ) : His feats called forth applause from the crowd.
@) Call off ( divert ; distract ) :
*) The crash of thunder called off my attention from the burning house.
*) The strike has been called off ( has been either not started or had been stopped).
@) Call on (visit ) : We called on her yesterday.
@) Call over (recite ) : Please call over the names of the absentees.
@) Call up ( recollect ) : I cannot call up the events of my childhood.
(*) CARRY (*)
@) Carry away ( bear off ) : The crow carried away a golden ring.
@) Carry off ( kill ) : Cholera carried off half the population of this village.
@) Carry on ( manage ) : He carried on business in the absence of his father.
@) Carry out ( execute ) : He carried out my orders.
@) Carry through ( sustain ) : Patience and perseverance will carry a man through
many difficulties.
(*) CAST (*)
@) Cast aside (reject ) : He cast aside all the facts that were brought to his notice.
@) Cast down ( dejected ) : She was much cast down with grief.
@) Cast off ( discard ) : He cast off old garments.
@) Cast out ( expel ) : He was cast out from society.
(*) COME (*)
@) Come about ( occur ) : I do not know how these things came about.
@) Come across ( to meet with accidentally ) : Searching in the library, he came across
a valuable manuscript.
@) Come after ( succeed) : He came after his after.
@) Come by ( acquire ) : How did you come by this pen?
@) Come down ( descend ; lower in price ) : (*) Please come down from the tree.
(*) Cotton has come down ( become cheaper ) recently.
@) Come of ( issue from ) : He comes of a noble family.
@) Come out (transpire ) : At last the truth has come out.
@) Come around ( recover ) : ( * ) I hope you will soon come round.
( * ) He came round ( agreed ) to our views.
@) Come upon ( encounter ) : While digging, the farmer came upon a pot full of gold coins.
(*) CRY (*)
@) Cry down ( depreciate ) : Men of dissolute lives cry down religion.
@) Cry out against ( complain loudly against ) : They cried out against prohibition.
@) Cry up ( extol ; praise ) : Who does not cry up his own wares?
(*) CUT (*)
@) Cut down ( reduce ) : I advised her to cut down her expenditure.
@) Cut off ( Kill ; destroy ) : He was cut off in the prime of life.
@) Cut out for ( fitted for ) : He was never cut out for a public leader.
@) Cut up ( cause grief and pain ) : The news of his wife's death has cut him up greatly.
(*) Do (*)
@) Do away with ( abolish ) : The British Government wisely did away with Sati.
@) To do for ( to ruin ) : You are done for.
(*) DRAW (*)
@) Draw back ( recede ) : He will never draw back.
@) Draw near ( approach ) : Spring is drawing near.
@) Draw on or upon ( issue a cheque ) : He drew on the National Bank for Rs.500.
@) Draw out ( to extract ; prolong ) :( * ) He drew out my tooth without any pain.
( * ) He drew out his speech to a great length.
( * ) He drew out his sword.
@) Draw up ( compile ; arrange ) : ( * ) Please draw up a code of honour.
( * ) Napoleon drew up his forces near the river.
( * ) The agenda for the meeting has not yet been drawn up.
(*) FALL (*)
@) Fall back (retreat ) : At last the invaders fell back.
@) Fall back upon ( to have recourse to some help ) : I have nothing to fall back upon in my
old age.
@) Fall in with ( concur with ) : ( * ) He will soon fall in with our views.
( * ) While going to Kashmir,I fell in with ( met accidentally )
two sanyasis.
@) Fall off ( deteriorate ; decrease ) :( * ) The standard of efficiency has recently fallen off.
( * ) The subscribers to this newspaper have fallen off.
@) Fall out ( quarrel ) : The two friends have fallen out.
@) Fall to ( apply oneself ) : He felt to eating and drinking again.
@) Fall upon ( attack ) : They fell upon the enemy.
@) Fall through ( fail ) : The project fell through for lack of funds.
(*) GET (*)
@) Get at ( obtain ) : Our object in this inquiry is to get at the facts.
@) Get back ( recover ) : ( * ) He was able to get back all his money.
( * ) He has just got back ( returned ) from pilgrimage.
@) Get down ( descend ) : He has climbed up the top of the tree,but how will he get down?
@) Get off ( escape ) : His offence was grave, but he got off with a fine.
@) Get on ( advance ; make progress ) : How is your daughter getting on at school?
@) Get on with ( live agreeably with ) : It is hard to get on with a spendthrift.
@) Get over ( surmount ) : We have now got over all our difficulties.
@) Get through ( pass ) : Bali will get through the examination.
@) Get up ( rise ) : When do you get up in the morning ?
(*) GIVE (*)
@) Give away ( distribute ) : The commissioner gave away the prizes.
@) Give forth ( announce ) : He gave it forth that he was going to retire from politics.
@) Give in ( submit ; yield ) : He was compelled to give in.
@) Give off ( emit ) : Some flowers give off a sweet fragrance at night.
@) Give out ( emit ) :( * ) The rose gives out a sweet perfume.
( * ) He gave out ( announced ) that he was going to America.
( * ) He gave out ( distributed ) tickets to all.
@) Give over ( transfer ) : I gave over charge of my office to my assistant yesterday.
@) Give up ( abandon ; surrender ) : ( * ) He has given up his claim to property.
( * ) The murderer has given himself up to the police.
(*) GO (*)
@) Go after ( pursue ) : The hunters went after the wounded stag.
@) Go beyond ( exceed ) : Do not go beyond the limits prescribed by the Company.
@) Go forward ( Proceed ) : Let us go forward with our work.
@) Go on ( continue ) : We went on working till late at night.
@) Go through ( Examine ) : ( * ) You must first go through the accounts.
( * ) We have gone through ( suffered ) many hardship.
@) Go up ( ascend ) : ( * ) Two women went up in a balloon.
( * ) Cotton has gone up ( risen in price ).
@) Go up to ( approach ) : He went up to her and asked her why she had insulted him.
(*) HOLD (*)
@) Hold back ( to keep back ; to conceal ) : I shall hold back nothing from you.
@) Hold on ( continue holding or clinging to ) : Don't let the rope go.Hold on!Hold on !
@) Hold out ( endure ) : ( * ) The garrison held out ( offered resistance ) bravely for 40 days.
( * ) He said he could hold out ( offer ) to me no promise of a rise in
my salary.
@) Hold up ( support ; sustain ) : ( * ) The boys held up a heavy shield.
( * ) The progress of the work has been help up ( arrested).
(*) KEEP (*)
@) Keep back ( conceal ) : I shall keep nothing back from you.
@) Keep from ( refrain from ) : Keep from evil.
@) Keep to ( adhere to ) : Always keep to your promise.
@) Keep under ( control ) : He bravely kept his passions under.
@) Keep up ( maintain ) : ( * ) He keeps up the reputation of the firm.
( * ) My father, though old, still keeps up his energy.
@) Keep on ( continue ) : She kept on weeping.
(*) Lay (*)
@) Lay by ( save for future use ) : Lay by something for a rainy day.
@) Lay down ( surrender ) : ( * ) The rebels laid down their arms.
( * ) He laid down ( sacrificed ) his life for the sake of his country.
@) Lay out ( invest ) : He has laid out a large sum of money in gilt-edged securities.
@) Lay up ( deposit ) : ( * ) He has laid up all his money in banks.
( * ) He is laid up ( confined to bed ) with fever.
(*) LOOK (*)
@) Look after ( take care of ) : Look after my family when I am away.
@) Look down upon ( despise ) : Don't look down upon a poor beggar.
@) Look for ( search for ) : ( * ) We are looking for the lost keys.
( * ) What news are you looking for ( expecting )?
@) Look forward to ( expect with pleasure ) : We are looking forward to your visit.
@) Look into ( inspect ) : ( * ) The auditor looked into all the accounts.
( * ) I shall certainly look into ( investigate ) the matter.
@) Look on ( regard ) : We looked on him as a wise man.
@) Look over ( examine ) : He looked over his accounts.
@) Look up ( search for ) : ( * ) Look up this word in the dictionary.
( * ) Prices are looking up ( rising ).
@) Look up to ( respect ) : They all looked up to him as their leader.
(*) MAKE (*)
@) Make away with ( get rid of ; kill ) :
( * ) He made away with the princess with the help of conspirators
( * ) He made away with ( stole ) two thousand rupees.
@) Make for ( conduce to ) : Contentment makes for happiness in life.
@) Make out ( discover ) : ( * ) Can you make out the author's meaning?
( * ) I think the lawyer has made out ( proved or established by arguments ) a good case.
@) Make over ( transfer ) : He has made over all his property to his second wife.
@) Make up ( reconcile or compose ) : ( * ) The two parties have made up their quarrel.
( * ) Please make up ( complete ) all your accounts.
( * ) They expect the Government to make up
( compensate or make good ) their losses.
@) Make up one's mind ( determine ) : He made up his mind to punish all the offenders.
(*) PUT (*)
@) Put down ( suppress ) : The king was able to put down the rebellion.
@) Put forth ( exert ) : ( * ) She put forth all her strength to achieve her object.
( * ) The trees put forth ( thurst out ) their leaves.
@) Put off ( postpone ) : ( * ) Do not put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
( * ) He put me off ( evaded ) with an excuse.
( * ) Please put off ( remove ) your shoes before going into the
temple.
@) Put on ( assume ) : ( * ) He put on haughty airs.
( * ) He put on clothes, a turban ,a shoes,etc.
@) Put out ( extinguish ) : ( * ) Please put out the light.
( * ) The firemen put out the fire.
( * ) He was rather put out ( confused ) by their questions.
@) Put up ( purpose ) : They put up their own candidate.
@) Put up with ( tolerate ) : ( * ) I can no longer put up with her insolence.
( * ) Poor people have to put up with ( endure ) many hardships.
( * ) Whenever he comes to Bombay he puts up with me
( stays at my house for a time).
(*) RUN (*)
@) Run after ( pursue with attention ) : ( * ) The boy ran after the ball.
( * ) People run after riches in this world.
@) Run down ( decry ; disparage ) : ( * ) He always runs down his rivals.
( * ) He feels much run down ( enfeebled in health ) on
account of overwork.
@) Run into ( incur ) : He has run into debt.
@) Run off ( flee ) : Hearing the noise, the thief ran off.
@) Run out ( come to an end of period or of stock ) :
( * ) The lease of this building has run out.
( * ) Out stocks of wheat have run out.
@) Run out of ( exhaust one's stock of ) : We have run out of our stock of sugar.
@) Run over ( overflow of vessel or contents ) :
( * ) The reservoir is running over.
( * ) He ran over ( glanced over ) the documents.
( * ) The motor-car ran over ( passed over ) a dog.
@) Run through ( consume estate, etc.,by reckless or quick spending ) :
( * ) He has run through his fortune within two years.
( * ) I had to run through ( examine hurriedly ) the accounts in half an hour.
@) Run up ( grow quickly ) My expenses have run up recently.
@) Run up to ( amount to ) : The goods she had bought run up to a large amount.
(*) SEE (*)
@) See into ( hold an inquiry ; examine ) : ( * ) The solicitors will see into your claim
to the property
@) See off ( witness one's departure ) : Her friends and relatives were present at the station
to see her off.
@) See through ( penetrate ) : Only a clever man can see through her game.
(*) SET (*)
@) Set about ( begin ) : As soon as he took over, he set about organizing the department.
@) Set apart ( reserve ) : He set apart some money for the education of his children.
@) Set aside ( reject ) : He set aside all objections and accepted my claim.
@) Set down ( record ) : ( * ) The magistrate set down in writing our complaint.
( * ) He is an insolent fellow and needs someone to set him
down ( snub).
@) Set forth ( explain ) He set forth his views before the audience.
@) Set in ( begin ) : The rainy season has set in.
@) Set off ( depart ) : ( * ) They set off at sunrise
( * ) This golden frame sets off ( embellishes or decorates )
the picture.
@) Set on ( incite ) : He set her on to abuse them.
@) Set out ( start on a journey ) : When will he set out on his travels?
@) Set up ( begin a new business ) : ( * ) He has set up as a broker.
( * ) They have set up ( erected ) a pillar in his memory.
( * ) I have not money enough to set me up
( establish myself ) in business.
@) Set up for ( pretend or profess to be) : Do you mean to set up for an astrologer?
@) Set upon ( attack ) : The robbers set upon the travellers and robbed them of their gold.
(*) STAND (*)
@) Stand against ( withstand ; resist ) : No Indian king could stand against the attack of
Alexander.
@) Stand by ( support ) : A faithful friend stands by us through thick and thin.
@) Stand for ( present oneself as a candidate for ) : At the last elections he stood for
Parliament.
@) Stand out against ( persistently oppose or refuse to yield ) :
( * ) He stood out against all efforts of the Government to introduce that bill.
@) Stand up for ( defend ) : He always stood up for the rights of the oppressed.
(*) STRIKE (*)
@) Strike at ( aim a blow at ) : He struck at me but I avoided his blow.
@) Strike down ( attack ) : He is struck down with cholera.
@) Strike off ( remove ) : They struck off his name from the list of volunteers.
@) Strike out ( erase ) : He struck out the last paragraph.
(*) TAKE (*)
@) Take after ( resemble ) : Your daughter does not take after you in any way.
@) Take away ( remove ) : They took away all her ornaments.
@) Take down ( record ) : I have taken down your statement.
@) Take for ( think one to be ) : We took him for a priest ( that is, we thought he was a priest)
@) Take in ( deceive ) : ( * ) He was taken in by sharpers.
( * ) The boys could not take in( comprehend) her lecture.
@) Take off ( remove ) : Please take off your shoes before entering.
@) Take over ( receive charge of an office ) : He has recently taken over.
@) Take to ( get into a habit ) : Recently he has taken to ( become addicted ) drink( ing).
@) Take up ( occupy ) : ( * ) It would take up much of my time to explain to you the whole
case.
( * ) Why don't you take up ( commence ) some other work?
(*) THROW (*)
@) Throw away ( lose by neglect ) : You have thrown away a golden chance.
@) Throw out ( reject ) : The bill was thrown out by parliament.
@) Throw up ( resign ) : This man has thrown up his appointment.
(*) TURN (*)
@) Turn against ( become hostile to ) : All his friends turned against him.
@) Turn off ( dismiss ) : His servant was lazy ; he has turned him off.
@) Turn on ( swtich on ) : Turn on the lights, please.
@) Turn out ( expel ) : ( * ) He turned out the tenant.
( * )How much cloth does this factory turn out ( produce) in a day ?
( * )Everything turned out ( proved to be ) well ( satisfactorily )
@) Turn up ( arrive ) : ( * ) He turned up late.
( * )cannot say what will turn up ( happen ).
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