CHAPTER-33
358. Read the following sentences :--
>) Ah! what shall we do?
>) Alas! Kamala is dead.
>) Hurrah! The sound is heard once more.
>) Hurrah! We have won the match.
*) Such words as Ah! Alas! Hark! Hurrah! that are used to express some sudden
emotion or feeling are called Interjections.
*) An Interjection is a word that expresses some sudden emotion or feeling of the
mind.
359. There are certain phrases which are used like Interjections to express
strong emotion or feeling;as,
*) Ah me!
*) Alack-a-day!
*) Good-bye!
*) For shame!
*) Woe is me!
*) Good gracious!
*) Good heavens!
*) Oh dear me!
CHAPTER-34
THE SAME WORD USED AS DIFFERNT PARTS OF SPEECH
360. Sometimes a word may be used as different parts of speech and with different
meanings.The same may be used as a Noun,or as an Adjective,or as a Verb.
361. Study the followng words printed in italics and see how teh same word has
been used as differnt Parts of Speech:--
ABOVE
>) He is above meanness.(Preposition)
>) The sky is above. (Adverb)
>) The above sentence is from Tennyson.(Adjective)
>) All good things come from above. (Noun)
DOWN
>) Down went the ship. (Adverb)
>) Human life is full of ups and downs. (Noun)
>) He travelled by the down train.(Adjective)
>) She ran down the road. (Preposition)
>) Down with the tyrant. (Verb)
LIKE
>) Every man has his likes and dislikes.(Noun)
>) Like father like son.(Adjective)
>) I do not like his ways. (Verb)
>) She was dressed like a man. (Adverb)
>) Do not talk like that. (Preposition)
RIGHT
>) Women also have their rights.(Noun)
>) He is the right man for the job. (Adjective)
>) He serve her right. (Adverb)
>) We must right the wrong done to her. (Verb)
ROUND
>) A square peg in a round hole. (Adjective)
>) She looked round. (Adverb)
>) The road goes round the garden. (Preposition)
>) Round this sharp corner. (Verb)
>) The night was a round of pleasures. (Noun)
WHILE
>) Work while you work,play while you play. (Conjunction)
>) She kept silent for a while. (Noun)
>) Don't while away you time in idleness. (Verb)
WRONG
>) You have done me a great wrong. (Noun)
>) Her statement is wrong. (Adjective)
>) You wrong me when you say that I was envious. (Verb)
362. (a) Study carefully how the following words are used as Verbs :--
>) Arm. She was armed with facts against her husband.
>) Back. There was none to back(=support) her.
>) Bank. You can bank on her help in time of need.
>) Beard. He bearded (=opposed;defied) the lion in his den.
>) Book. Have you booked your passage to New York?
>) Bottle. It was with great difficulty that she bottled up her anger.
>) Breast. The swimmer breasted the high waves to save the child from drowning.
>) Chair. Who chaired the last meeting of the Governing Body?
>) Crop. All sorts of difficulties cropped up.
>) Crown. They crowned him king.
>) Eye. They eyed her with suspicion.
>) Face. Who can face death cheerfully?
>) Flock. Birds of feather flock together.
>) Flood. The low-lying parts of the town were flooded.
>) Floor. He was floored by his opponent in the interests.
>) Further. Everybody tries to further his own interests.
>) Head. He headed the list of successful candidates.
>) House. The school is housed in a fine building.
>) Hunger. He hungers for wealth and name.
>) Iron. Will you please iron these clothes for me?
>) Oil. Have you oiled the lock?
>) People. The forest is peopled with terrorists.
>) Picture. Just picture to your mind the horrors of war.
>) Pocket. I could not have pocketed this insult as she did.
>) Rock. The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
>) Saddle. He was saddled with new responsibilities.
>) School. He has been schooled by adversity.
>) Shoulder. I dare not shoulder this responsibility.
>) Stone. Many Dalits martyrs were stoned to death.
>) Station. The army is stationed in the town.
>) Silence. She silenced her critics in her own way.
>) Table. They tabled the bill in Parliament.
>) Tutor. The police tutored all the witnesses.
>) Voice. The spokesman voiced the feelings of the crowd.
>) Word. The letter was carefully worded.
>) Weather. The ship weathered the storm.
>) Wing. The planes wing their way over the Alps.
>) Will. He willed most of his money to charities.
(b) Now study how the following Verbs and Adjectives are used as Noun :--
>) Approach. The approach to the palace was guarded by soldiers.
>) Attempt. They failed in all their attempts to climb the mountain.
>) Bark,bite. His bark is worse than his bite.
>) Bathe. Let's us go for a bathe in the river.
>) Build. He is a man of powerful build.
>) catch. There's a catch in it somewhere.
>) Cut. There is bound to be a cut in salaries.
>) deal. Well,it's a deal.
>) Divide. The divide betwenn the two communities is to be deplored.
>) Drive. She took me for a drive in her car.
>) Feed. We stopped to let the horses have a feed.
>) Feel. You can tell it's silk by the feel.
>) Flow. There is a flow of gold from our country.
>) Fix. He is in a fix how to pay back his debts.
>) Give. There must be give and take if the negotiations are to succeed.
>) Go. He still has plenty of go in him.
>) High. The cost of living has reached a new high.
>) Hit. The new play is quite a hit.
>) Lead. You will do well to follow Gandhiji's lead.
>) Low. Several industrial shares have reached a new low.
>) Make. Cars of Japanese make are now in vogue.
>) Move. What's our next move?
>) Produce. Farmers are now getting remunerative prices for agricultural
produce.
>) Raise. He was promised a raise in his salary by his employer.
>) Rise. A sudden rise in the prices of essential commodities has hit the
common man hard.
>) Run. There was a run on the bank.
>) Rush. I don't like the rush of city life.
>) Say. Let him have his say.
>) Shine. Give your shoes a good shine.
>) Stand. She made a stand against her husband.
>) Sweep. Give your room a good sweep.
>) Swim. Let's go for swim.
>) Wash. I must go and have a wash.
>) Yield. What is the yield per acre?
Exercise 103. Use the following words in sentences as directed :--
1. Floor(as a Verb) 16. Bridge (as a Verb)
2. Hand(as a Verb) 17. Sweep (as a Noun)
3. Man(as a verb) 18. Fall (as a Noun)
4. Water(as a verb) 19. Hurt (as a Noun)
5. Head(as a Verb) 20. Return (as a Noun)
6. Lead(as a Noun) 21. Cash (as a Verb)
7. Place( as a verb) 22. Cast (as a Noun)
8. Claim(as a Noun) 23. Throw (as a Noun)
9. Exile(as a Noun) 24. Prize (as a Verb)
10. Make(as a Noun) 25. People (as a verb)
11. Feel(as a Noun) 26. Knife ( as a Verb)
12. Table(as a Verb) 27. Know (as a Noun)
13. Eye(as a Verb) 28. Lack ( as a Noun)
14. Chair(as a Verb) 29. Lock ( as a Verb)
15. Still(as a Noun) 30. Land (as a verb)
Exercise 104. What part of speech is each of the words printed in italics?
1. Might is right .
2. He is the right man for the job.
3. I hope you are well.
4. Well begun is half done.
5. Well, fancy seeing you here!
6. Will you dance this dance with me?
7. The guide told us all about the Red Fort.
8. Can you guide us to the den?
9. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
10. She spoke in a loud voice.
11. Pray don't speak so loud.
12. She is like her mother.
13. I don't like her.
14. Don't talk like that.
15. We praise boys when they deserve praise.
16. Give honour where honour is due.
17. Honour your father and your mother.
18. Every Government taxes people,but a government servant cannot pay
high taxes out of his small pay.
19. Do you second the first or the second motion on the list?
20. Post this letter immediately.Please reply by return of post.
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